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	<title>Comments on: Heresy or Opportunity? Book Review of “Confessions of a Microfinance Heretic”</title>
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	<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/</link>
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		<title>By: Ramesh S Arunachalam</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1577</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ramesh S Arunachalam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Aug 2012 17:09:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1577</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You may find this of interest...


Triple Jump’s Response to Hugh Sinclair’s Book: Does It Raise More Questions than Provide Credible Answers?

http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/08/triple-jumps-response-to-hugh-sinclairs.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You may find this of interest&#8230;</p>
<p>Triple Jump’s Response to Hugh Sinclair’s Book: Does It Raise More Questions than Provide Credible Answers?</p>
<p><a href="http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/08/triple-jumps-response-to-hugh-sinclairs.html" rel="nofollow">http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/08/triple-jumps-response-to-hugh-sinclairs.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Ramesh S Arunachalam</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1557</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ramesh S Arunachalam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Jul 2012 11:20:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1557</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You may find this of interest...

Regulation and Supervision of Micro-Finance Investment Vehicles: An Urgent Task for Central Banks and Regulators Globally!

http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/regulation-and-supervision-of-micro.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You may find this of interest&#8230;</p>
<p>Regulation and Supervision of Micro-Finance Investment Vehicles: An Urgent Task for Central Banks and Regulators Globally!</p>
<p><a href="http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/regulation-and-supervision-of-micro.html" rel="nofollow">http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/regulation-and-supervision-of-micro.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Ramesh S Arunachalam</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1477</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ramesh S Arunachalam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Jul 2012 14:44:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1477</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You may find these of interest...


Does Sinclair&#039;s Open Challenge (to the Global Micro-Finance Industry) Make His Claims True?

http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/does-sinclairs-open-challenge-to-global.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You may find these of interest&#8230;</p>
<p>Does Sinclair&#8217;s Open Challenge (to the Global Micro-Finance Industry) Make His Claims True?</p>
<p><a href="http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/does-sinclairs-open-challenge-to-global.html" rel="nofollow">http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/does-sinclairs-open-challenge-to-global.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Investigating a Heretic&#8217;s Claims &#171;</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1448</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Investigating a Heretic&#8217;s Claims &#171;]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Jul 2012 13:36:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1448</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] expert Ramesh Arunachalam has started an interesting series of posts. They investigate the charges levied by Hugh Sinclair against microfinance investment vehicles (MIVs; or microfinance investment funds) [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] expert Ramesh Arunachalam has started an interesting series of posts. They investigate the charges levied by Hugh Sinclair against microfinance investment vehicles (MIVs; or microfinance investment funds) [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Ramesh S Arunachalam</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1435</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ramesh S Arunachalam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jul 2012 15:19:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1435</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Here is my next piece and more to follow

http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/should-not-microfinance-investment.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here is my next piece and more to follow</p>
<p><a href="http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/should-not-microfinance-investment.html" rel="nofollow">http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/should-not-microfinance-investment.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: A Microfinance Heretic Confesses &#124; David Roodman&#039;s Microfinance Open Book Blog</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1405</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[A Microfinance Heretic Confesses &#124; David Roodman&#039;s Microfinance Open Book Blog]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jul 2012 20:46:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1405</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] reviews: Phil Mader; Ramesh [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] reviews: Phil Mader; Ramesh [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Ramesh S Arunachalam</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1396</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ramesh S Arunachalam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jul 2012 03:43:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1396</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Here is my first piece and more to follow 

http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/why-blame-mfis-alone.html]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here is my first piece and more to follow </p>
<p><a href="http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/why-blame-mfis-alone.html" rel="nofollow">http://microfinance-in-india.blogspot.in/2012/07/why-blame-mfis-alone.html</a></p>
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		<title>By: Ramesh S Arunachalam</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1372</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ramesh S Arunachalam]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Jul 2012 03:34:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1372</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As always, a very Nice Post Phil. For me, Hugh Sinclair&#039;s book was a very interesting one that put forth a set of claims about the way funds and MIV&#039;s operate etc etc and I am currently evaluating his (public domain) evidence dispassionately and objectively and also doing my own research and I will publish the results of the same shortly. Cheers and have a nice day!]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As always, a very Nice Post Phil. For me, Hugh Sinclair&#8217;s book was a very interesting one that put forth a set of claims about the way funds and MIV&#8217;s operate etc etc and I am currently evaluating his (public domain) evidence dispassionately and objectively and also doing my own research and I will publish the results of the same shortly. Cheers and have a nice day!</p>
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		<title>By: Milford Bateman</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1354</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Milford Bateman]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jul 2012 14:42:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1354</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Great post Phil. 

I agree with you that Hugh Sinclair appears to have hit the nail smack on the head (of microfinance). He has very firmly and comprehensively exposed the real greed-based motives of so many of the most prestigious institutions and individuals working in the microfinance industry today and in the past. Some of the material is simply shocking. I really don&#039;t see how the microfinance sector can once more pick itself up and recover, to be honest. It might indeed be &#039;the end of microfinance&#039;. But I also agree that Sinclair errs in resorting to the ‘happy ending’ that &#039;some&#039; microfinance actually works. Why did he choose to do this? And, more to the point, where is the evidence for this? I mean, if he blasts others for not being upfront, then he should have given some evidence so that we can see what exactly this MFI he likes so much is doing to help the poor. 

Hugh: I’m sorry to say but yet again you are seriously muddled here, and not just with regard to my name. I simply don’t get the connection you make between me wanting to limit the damage caused by the channelling of scarce financial resources into microfinance applications and the point you make about having a bank account or not. The two things are totally seperate issues and you can have one without the other, or both, or neither. Microfinance is ‘not worth doing’, as you put it, among other things because it impels local economies into a trajectory marked out by de-industrialisation, informalisation and infantilization. If you mainly channel resources in such a way as is suitable only for petty trade-based informal microenterprises, then that is exactly what you end up with.  And upon such a base, there is simply no evidence from anywhere that a country or locality can grow and develop: the evidence is all around you in Africa, where I think you work, probably more than anywhere else. And the IDB in its excellent 2010 publication’ The Age of Productivity’ also makes exactly this argument for Latin America, that too much finance has gone into informal enterprises and self-employment ventures and not enough into much bigger formal enterprises, inclouding SMEs.  

Milford]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great post Phil. </p>
<p>I agree with you that Hugh Sinclair appears to have hit the nail smack on the head (of microfinance). He has very firmly and comprehensively exposed the real greed-based motives of so many of the most prestigious institutions and individuals working in the microfinance industry today and in the past. Some of the material is simply shocking. I really don&#8217;t see how the microfinance sector can once more pick itself up and recover, to be honest. It might indeed be &#8216;the end of microfinance&#8217;. But I also agree that Sinclair errs in resorting to the ‘happy ending’ that &#8216;some&#8217; microfinance actually works. Why did he choose to do this? And, more to the point, where is the evidence for this? I mean, if he blasts others for not being upfront, then he should have given some evidence so that we can see what exactly this MFI he likes so much is doing to help the poor. </p>
<p>Hugh: I’m sorry to say but yet again you are seriously muddled here, and not just with regard to my name. I simply don’t get the connection you make between me wanting to limit the damage caused by the channelling of scarce financial resources into microfinance applications and the point you make about having a bank account or not. The two things are totally seperate issues and you can have one without the other, or both, or neither. Microfinance is ‘not worth doing’, as you put it, among other things because it impels local economies into a trajectory marked out by de-industrialisation, informalisation and infantilization. If you mainly channel resources in such a way as is suitable only for petty trade-based informal microenterprises, then that is exactly what you end up with.  And upon such a base, there is simply no evidence from anywhere that a country or locality can grow and develop: the evidence is all around you in Africa, where I think you work, probably more than anywhere else. And the IDB in its excellent 2010 publication’ The Age of Productivity’ also makes exactly this argument for Latin America, that too much finance has gone into informal enterprises and self-employment ventures and not enough into much bigger formal enterprises, inclouding SMEs.  </p>
<p>Milford</p>
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		<title>By: Brett Hudson Matthews</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1352</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Brett Hudson Matthews]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jul 2012 14:11:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1352</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Even in the late &#039;60s and early &#039;70s, when the apostles of microcredit made the ahistoric and fallacious argument that they had &#039;proved&#039; that you could deliver financial services to poor people and make money doing it, and that the only viable source of funds to get billions of people out of poverty was the Western investor, they may well have known that they were wrong on both counts. If they didn&#039;t, they certainly must know now. In earlier generations credit unions had helped millions of people out of poverty in dozens of emerging nations by delivering financial services to them, and had made money doing it. The source of their capital was just as sustainable, just as scalable, and far more providential: it was the very savings that poor people also needed to help them manage the risks of borrowing, and to anchor the process of building household assets. The failure to deliver microsavings to people whose lives involve far greater risks than most of us can imagine is a telling testament to how cavalierly the leaders of modern microcredit take their role as stewards of financial inclusion. 

In spite of widespread rhetoric to the contrary, no one should have the &#039;right&#039; to borrow. Whether the loan comes from Wall Street or their neighbours, their character and previous track record should matter. But everyone should have the right to a safe, flexible place to save their money. That is what we should have delivered long ago, and it is not too late.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Even in the late &#8217;60s and early &#8217;70s, when the apostles of microcredit made the ahistoric and fallacious argument that they had &#8216;proved&#8217; that you could deliver financial services to poor people and make money doing it, and that the only viable source of funds to get billions of people out of poverty was the Western investor, they may well have known that they were wrong on both counts. If they didn&#8217;t, they certainly must know now. In earlier generations credit unions had helped millions of people out of poverty in dozens of emerging nations by delivering financial services to them, and had made money doing it. The source of their capital was just as sustainable, just as scalable, and far more providential: it was the very savings that poor people also needed to help them manage the risks of borrowing, and to anchor the process of building household assets. The failure to deliver microsavings to people whose lives involve far greater risks than most of us can imagine is a telling testament to how cavalierly the leaders of modern microcredit take their role as stewards of financial inclusion. </p>
<p>In spite of widespread rhetoric to the contrary, no one should have the &#8216;right&#8217; to borrow. Whether the loan comes from Wall Street or their neighbours, their character and previous track record should matter. But everyone should have the right to a safe, flexible place to save their money. That is what we should have delivered long ago, and it is not too late.</p>
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		<title>By: Malcolm Harper</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1349</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Malcolm Harper]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jul 2012 11:31:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1349</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It&#039;s easy to criticise critics, particularly those who see conspiracies everywhere, but they do play a role in the swinging pendulum of opinion. And Hugh is so right to remind us that MFIs are not the main providers of microfinance, unless we chose to define &#039;microfinance&#039; by those who provide it rather than by what it is. 

Banks and credit unions provide microfinancial services to many more people than the 120 million or so who are served by the specialist MFIs. In particular, some 70 million women in India are served by the five mllion or so self-help groups (SHGs) which save with and borrow from commercial banks. The SHGs are not perfect, by any means, but the interest rates they charge their members, and which they pay the banks, are not excessive, indeed they are often too low because of misguided political interference. 

And &#039;we&#039;, who may have rather large mortgages and are rightly concerned about fractions of a percent differences in interest rates, often over-emphasise the importance of interest rates. Look at the website of &#039;Qickquid&#039;, a major British lender; I saw their poster advertising &#039;ten minute money&#039; yesterday, proclaiming in large letters that their APR was 1790%; this does not stop their (mostly) literate British clients from using their services. Price is only one of the &#039;4 P&#039;s&#039; of marketing, and product, place and promotion may matter a lot more to some clients.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s easy to criticise critics, particularly those who see conspiracies everywhere, but they do play a role in the swinging pendulum of opinion. And Hugh is so right to remind us that MFIs are not the main providers of microfinance, unless we chose to define &#8216;microfinance&#8217; by those who provide it rather than by what it is. </p>
<p>Banks and credit unions provide microfinancial services to many more people than the 120 million or so who are served by the specialist MFIs. In particular, some 70 million women in India are served by the five mllion or so self-help groups (SHGs) which save with and borrow from commercial banks. The SHGs are not perfect, by any means, but the interest rates they charge their members, and which they pay the banks, are not excessive, indeed they are often too low because of misguided political interference. </p>
<p>And &#8216;we&#8217;, who may have rather large mortgages and are rightly concerned about fractions of a percent differences in interest rates, often over-emphasise the importance of interest rates. Look at the website of &#8216;Qickquid&#8217;, a major British lender; I saw their poster advertising &#8216;ten minute money&#8217; yesterday, proclaiming in large letters that their APR was 1790%; this does not stop their (mostly) literate British clients from using their services. Price is only one of the &#8217;4 P&#8217;s&#8217; of marketing, and product, place and promotion may matter a lot more to some clients.</p>
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		<title>By: Hugh Allen</title>
		<link>http://governancexborders.com/2012/07/10/heresy-or-opportunity-book-review-of-confessions-of-a-microfinance-heretic/#comment-1348</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Hugh Allen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Jul 2012 10:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://governancexborders.com/?p=2810#comment-1348</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I don&#039;t buy Milton Bateman&#039;s argument that microfinance is not worth doing because it doesn&#039;t lead to productive investment.  If I did,I&#039;d have to close down my retail bank account, and so would he - but Heaven forbid that what we recommend for poor people should apply to us.  And it needs to be stated that there are lots of MFIs that actually don&#039;t buy into the Washington consensus and operate efficiently and always in the interestrs of the poor (such as Opportunity and, hey, Grameen).  But the Gadarene rush to position microfinance in the market is bound to lead to competing interests, the dilution of mission and profit maximisation at the expense of the poor.  It&#039;s like the last page of Animal Farm, where the animals can&#039;t tell the difference between the Pigs and the Men: the industry has become the beast it excoriated at the outset of the game.  Having said all of this there is a whole mass of microfinance activity that doesn&#039;t deserve to get tarred with this mucky brush, but will be, in the public mind.  Credit Unions, savings-groups and the like, way under the market radar screen, are doing valiant and massively influential work and providing benefits for their owner members because incentives for investors and services to members are perfectly aligned, because they are the same people.  They may not be building ports and steel mills but they make a huge difference to the people who create and manage them and this is important.  I&#039;d be a whole lot happier if this book was called &#039;Confessions of a Microcredit Heretic&#039;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I don&#8217;t buy Milton Bateman&#8217;s argument that microfinance is not worth doing because it doesn&#8217;t lead to productive investment.  If I did,I&#8217;d have to close down my retail bank account, and so would he &#8211; but Heaven forbid that what we recommend for poor people should apply to us.  And it needs to be stated that there are lots of MFIs that actually don&#8217;t buy into the Washington consensus and operate efficiently and always in the interestrs of the poor (such as Opportunity and, hey, Grameen).  But the Gadarene rush to position microfinance in the market is bound to lead to competing interests, the dilution of mission and profit maximisation at the expense of the poor.  It&#8217;s like the last page of Animal Farm, where the animals can&#8217;t tell the difference between the Pigs and the Men: the industry has become the beast it excoriated at the outset of the game.  Having said all of this there is a whole mass of microfinance activity that doesn&#8217;t deserve to get tarred with this mucky brush, but will be, in the public mind.  Credit Unions, savings-groups and the like, way under the market radar screen, are doing valiant and massively influential work and providing benefits for their owner members because incentives for investors and services to members are perfectly aligned, because they are the same people.  They may not be building ports and steel mills but they make a huge difference to the people who create and manage them and this is important.  I&#8217;d be a whole lot happier if this book was called &#8216;Confessions of a Microcredit Heretic&#8217;</p>
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